Hi Class,
Please answer the following:
1. What are the three phases of memory? Describe ways on how you applied the phases of memory in your life. Give example.
2. How can understanding the phases of memory will help you be an effective educator/teacher?
3. Briefly describe your personality based on the Human Color Test (Red, Blue, White, Yellow).
4. Among the theories of personality discussed in class, which theory best described the development of your personality? Explain.
Doc Raqui
Please answer the following:
1. What are the three phases of memory? Describe ways on how you applied the phases of memory in your life. Give example.
2. How can understanding the phases of memory will help you be an effective educator/teacher?
3. Briefly describe your personality based on the Human Color Test (Red, Blue, White, Yellow).
4. Among the theories of personality discussed in class, which theory best described the development of your personality? Explain.
Doc Raqui
1. Three Phases of Memory
ReplyDelete1.1. Encoding
• It is a biological phenomenon rooted in the senses that begins with perception; it is also noticing and transforming information into a form.
• Specific examples are when we are watching TV, listening to music, listening to the discussion or to the speaker or teacher, do memorizing a poem, speech, or even memorizing a note for an exam we encoding information in our memory.
• In school setting, we can be learned or educated by means of encoding all the learnings (i.e., principles, concepts, or theories) in our memory thru reading or listening attentively to the teachers then eventually how we can apply these to practice or to real life situation. Also, we appreciate much the learning if it is by learning by doing because all of our senses are involved here.
• Sometimes, by means of challenges or trials in our life we can learn for our mistakes. We can encode such information (like circumstances or happenings) and on how we interpret that information into meaning that helps us not to happen it again and so we may learn from it and makes us better.
1.2. Storage
• The act of maintaining information in memory
• Information/memory can be stored either in short term- or long term memory
• For example, when we are preparing for a board examination or any kinds of exam, we are preparing extensively we do memorizing a lot of information and so must be stored, as much as possible, in the long term memory, not in the short term memory, because in the long term memory how tricky is the question you can answer it easily, you can easily recall and understand the concept being presented in the exam. Students and teachers believe that “ kahit pag balik-baliktarin mo yan kabisado mo pa rin” because of the help or essence of long term memory. If the information is being stored in the long term memory, information might be permanently stored.
1.3. Retrieval
• The act of bringing to mind material that has been stored in memory
• When you are taking an exam, you need to be able to retrieve learned information from your memory in order to answer the test questions. One of the ways in which you can retrieve information is to recall—this type of memory retrieval involves being able to access the information without being cued. Answering a question on a fill-in-the-blank test is a good example of recall. Another way is thru recognition—this type of memory retrieval involves identifying information after experiencing it again. For example, taking a multiple-choice quiz requires that you recognize the correct answer out of a group of available answers.
2. The three phases of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval, are important or essential to an educator. In order to become an effective educator, specifically as a future educator, I must have an understanding and comprehension of the subject matter or topic in order to encode to the memory. Teacher must read all of the time, attend seminars or conventions, or attend and earning masteral or doctoral program. This can also be considered as your memory enhancer. The more you encode in your mind, the more the retrieval you will have. It is important to store these in the memory. There are instances that when we read it doesn’t store in our memory. It depends upon the teachers’ capacity to store in his memory, either short term or long term memory. At the time of teaching in the class, how these concepts will be retrieved by the teacher in order to use, facilitate, or utilize such principle, concepts, or theories to the learning of the students. Through the effective use of recall, recollection, recognition, and relearning we can do memory retrieval, then we easily relate and interpret the topic and at the same time we can give concrete example of it. By means also of retrieval we can emphasize and elaborate certain point of views of such topic.
3. My Personality Based on Human Color Test
ReplyDelete3.1. Red—is said to be goal-oriented individual, in my own personality, I want to do things as soon as possible or ahead of time which is necessary even though I’m quite tired. As much as possible I don’t want to make things late. Instead of doing crazy things, I’ll make myself busy. I hate “last two minutes” scenario and I want to avoid “manana habit”. We Filipino have saying that “ang taong maagap daig ang masipag”. So what you can do for today, don’t do tomorrow. Also, I am a bossy type of person, I believed that leaders are born not made. I also want to be a manager, that’s why I’m taking up master in business administration even though I’m not a BA graduate. Leadership and management is one of my interests. Red also symbolizes passion. My passion are caring (for the sick), leading (a subordinate), and teaching (students).
3.2. Blue—in Psychology/Psychiatry color blue signifies: Peace of Mind. Well, blue is my favorite color, the paint color of my room is blue. My curtain is also color blue. Most of my clothes are color blue, even my eye glass is color blue. I am getting relaxed when my environment is full of color blue. Blue symbolizes trust, truth, confidence, and loyalty. I am a kind of person who is trustworthiness, truthful, with enough confidence (but not over), and I am loyal to my family, friends, and significant others like teachers.
3.3. White—signifies peace maker and also purity as to my profession, nursing. Like what I have experienced before, my two friends are getting quarreled what I did was I am their peace maker. I made them peace. I am the kind of friend who doesn’t want to have trouble to other people and I don’t want them to get in trouble. I am not war freak. White signifies safety and cleanliness. As a nurse, I should always observe safetiness and cleanliness of my patients, to myself, and to my environment or surrounding. Be an advocate of cleanliness and safetiness to our fellowmen. White also signifies goodness, as a human being I am governed by the principle of beneficence—do good and avoid evil. I always want to make or instill goodness to all especially to my family, friends, and significant others. Also when I see some beggars on the street, I share some coins on them and sometimes if I have some extra foods I share or give it with them.
3.4. Yellow—shows fun-loving. Well, I love fun, I love to gimmick with my friends, either food trip or going to the bar because I believed it is worthy to have fun after such stressful day or activity you had. I like to join group of people who said to be joyful like what I’ve found in my TCP friends/company. They are fun to be with. They are cool guys. I love to laugh and smile especially if it is for “laughter”. Of course, I always observed being fun and serious, there should be a quite balance, not too so serious, and not too much fun. We say that “madaling tumanda ang mga taong sobrang seryoso sa buhay” which is logically true in some essence because their facial nerves or muscles are not being used and they are so full of stress. They lack facial exercise thru fun or laugh. They don’t have time for fun. Well, fun and enjoyment keeps me energize and happy. One of the reasons why I’m still not open for any relationship because I want to enjoy the life of being a single, having no commitment with others. If you’re a single you can enjoy anything you want to do. Another thing that I’d to share is that I had a weird feeling because I know that blue is my favorite color and yet when I always see yellow color, just like my another favorite color. I am so curious why I like yellow color, and I found out thru my research that yellow color signifies being a “business minded” individual which is true on my behalf, because nowadays I am a business minded I like to do business plan, and also to have my own business. At the right time, I’d like to set a business that is in line with my passion like caring and teaching and also leading.
4. I can say that the theory of personality that best described my own personality is the theory or level of three awareness: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. I always observed and I see to it that I’m aware consciously with my undertaking, let’s say here in TCP class, before I enrolled here in FEU I told to myself that taking 18 units altogether in a graduate school is more difficult and I need to spare much time and effort of it and I made ready for myself for any possible difficulties that I’ll be encountered. If you are consciously aware of what you’re doing, it will lead to self-acceptance thus contributing to a more responsibility for one’s thought and action. I admit that it is quite difficult but I am consciously aware of myself of what I’m doing so I am much responsible on my own actions. Another point is the unconscious. All events, past experience, or happenings that is not good to me is getting in my unconscious mind. I don’t want to remember all the “not good” things or even people that I encountered in my past. By the used of the defense mechanism which is repression, I repressed what happened in my past into my unconscious memory. I’d like to share something, I honestly did not enjoy my company during college days because of the people around me. Well, for me, most of them are “mayabang”, judgmental, they feel like they belong to the “alta ciudad” even if not, and unfortunately they are not a good friend to me, but not all, still there are some. They are not fun to be with. I’ve got nothing to do with those people, but to ignore or forget them. I consciously forgetting them, honestly I already forgot most of them since it is only 3 years when I was graduated from college and whenever my good friend told me the names of my classmates, I said “sino nga ulit yun” (preconscious). The good thing is that when someone who doesn’t share anything good to you and make you feel stressful, don’t put yourself into stress or anger, instead put them into your unconscious mind or in Tagalog “kalimutan mo na lang yun”. Since I challenged with that situation, I look for the positive side of it. For me, the positive side is that it contribute well to become more for who I am and I really discover and know more about myself. It makes me feel better today.
ReplyDelete1. Memory is the retention of information over a period of time through encoding, storage and retrieval. For something to be considered memory, you have to take it in, store it and then retrieve it for use in the future.
ReplyDeleteThe first phase of memory is Encoding, it is the process of taking information from one’s environment through the senses then organizing and storing this information in the form of internal representations. For example in our class when the teacher starts to lecture we start to listen carefully to the lessons that he/she is discussing, we use our eyes to see and our ears to hear what the teacher is discussing and through that we are encoding the lessons in our memory. Another example is when we are watching TV or listening to something we are also doing the process of encoding.
The next phase of memory is Storage, it is the ability to hold and effectively store the memory. This is the next stage after the encoding and it is just a continuation of the process. An example of this is after you have listen, watch or read something the next thing that your brain will do is to store the data into your memory.
The last phase of memory is Retrieve, it is the ability to recall the needed memory. As your brain encodes and stores data into your memory the brain will process it and retrieve information that is needed during some time. For example in school when the teacher gives you a quiz your brain automatically retrieves data in which you have encoded and stored before in your memory.
2. By understanding the phases of memory, I think the educator can help their students by sharing their knowledge about these phases. They can teach the students on how to process those data in their memory and help them learn. And also at the same time it will help the educator itself by of course applying the process to himself/herself, like by reading the lessons that she is going to discuss storing it into his/her memory and by the time that he/she is going to lecture he/she will retrieve the lessons that was stored in his/her memory.
3. According to the Human Color Test, my personality is Blue, and it says that blue personality values relationships and loyal and faithful to his /her partner and the Blue personality is somewhat perfectionist and wants very detailed things. It suits my characteristics well, I know for myself that I am loyal and I value every relationship that I have with my friends, family and significant other. And when I am doing something I want it to be very detailed.
4. Psychodynamic theories of personality are heavily influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud, and emphasize the influence of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences on personality. Psychodynamic theories include Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stage theory and Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development.
Freud believed the three components of personality were the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is responsible for all needs and urges, while the superego for ideals and moral. The ego moderates between the demands of the id, the superego, and reality.
Erikson believed that personality progressed through a series of stages, with certain conflicts arising at each stage. Success in any stage depended upon successfully overcoming these conflicts.
1)What Is Memory?
ReplyDeleteMemory is a mental process of storage and retrieval of information and experience. Information makes its way into your memory through your senses. It is then processed by multiple systems throughout your brain and stored for later use (Parente and Stapleton 1993).
For memory to properly function, information must be correctly received through the senses. Memory is stored (encoded) according to many different themes. It is stored according to time (when something happened), category (animal, plant, mineral), function (a hammer is used to pound nails), and many others. These different types of memory represent individual memory systems within the brain. Once information is stored correctly within one or more of these systems it can later be retrieved. The ease and accuracy of retrieval depends upon the effectiveness of the initial encoding. Retrieval is also dependent upon what file you consciously decide to file newly learned information under. In other words, you can choose which file in your mind to store a particular memory in. You can even decide to place a memory in a folder that already exists. This is called association.
Stages of Memory Functioning:
Memory works in three different stages: Encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Encoding: Once we come in contact with information to be remembered our brains develop a “code,” which becomes a record of the experience. Our memory can be affected at this stage if the information is not coded in a way that makes it easy to recall when needed. For example, we may recognize someone in the office where we work, but outside of that environment we may have difficulty in recognizing him or her. This is because the face was coded in association with work and outside of that coding strategy the memory is not recognizable. We lose the context of the memory that is guided by our semantic memory system.
Storage: This is the ability to hold and effectively store a memory. Rehearsal is one of the most important factors involved in retaining the information that we’ve been exposed to. Problems in this stage of memory often occur due to a lack of rehearsal.
Retrieval: This refers to the ability to recall the memory needed. Once the information is successfully stored, it must be retrievable in order to be useful. For information to be retrieved, it first must be stored effectively. Once effectively stored, cues and reminders can help us then retrieve the information. Remembering that you need to pick up milk before coming home can easily be forgotten as you go through your daily routine. As you drive home and see a convenience store your memory is jogged and you remember the errand. Often it seems as if we have forgotten something even though it was successfully stored. We simply need help in retrieving the memory; we have to remember to recall.
2. I can be an effective educator with understanding the the phases of memory through my daily activities such as giving lectures with my student and remembering their names and the details that should matter most in my class. Also I can also use it for knowing how much they have learned simply just by asking them or giving them some quiz or exams. I would know when I should give those to them for I know their memory ability. Next is I could also use it to find out and asses how good are my students simply with their memory and expand it or use it as a referral of their stock knowledge and experiences.
Delete3. Im white according to the personally test that we have had in class. My personality is quite simple I am approachable and easy to be with once you got to know me. One thing I know I hate the most when someone did something really bad or hurtful I tend to forgive the person but I wont become or retrieve the friendship that was already broken. Im fun to be with although sometimes I am serious but normally I am easily driven by the people who surround me and I tend not to hurt anyone and sensitive to different issues about feelings. I am frank but I also know how to shut up.
[1]
ReplyDeleteThe Three phases of Memory are Encoding, Storage and Retrieval. In encoding, the mind assesses what the senses perceive which is basically under acquisition. Also, under the encoding phase is Consolidation, which is the process in the brain that makes a memory of an event enduring, and having the ability to be remembered after some time after the event. The second phase is Storage. In this phase, what’s perceived is stored. It can either be stored in the short-term or long-term memory, depending on the person, and how meaningful the event was. The last phase is Retrieval. In this phase, Memory stored can be reclaimed and accessed when necessary.
I’ve always thought of myself as a person having a very good memory especially when it comes to personal events. I find that I am good at remembering details that not all would remember. A recent and funny example would be: My boyfriend recently said that he has never watched a movie in a mall in Bonifacio Global City. I contested and said that he has, and he watched that movie with me more than a year ago. We argued about it for 30 minutes, him, even going as far as saying that I must have been with an ex-boyfriend. And so, I started describing details: I told him we watched “Despicable Me” and that we watched it in 3D. We watched there, because 3D there was much cheaper according to a friend. I told him what he and I wore that night. I told him where we sat, and what time the movie was, I told him where we ate, and what he ordered. To his disbelief and shame, he finally remembered. I encoded this event, and stored it in my long-term memory bank, and retrieved it when I needed to tell him the exact details of that date. :)
[2]
ReplyDeleteTo know the phases of memory is important in being an educator because we have to be able to effectively utilize and maximize each phase of the child’s memory. We have to know that for effective encoding, the senses should be enticed. We have to make their learning experiences meaningful enough to be encoded and stored, because if not, these pieces of facts and information will merely pass their minds, and will never have real significance in their lives; They will have a hard time retrieving information that has never been imperative to them. It’s important to add here the types of memory a person has: Sensory, Short-term, and Long term, which can be subdivided into: Declarative and Procedural. Now, as teachers, we have to make sure that when we teach, we don’t do it to satisfy the sensory memory of the students, but more importantly, for them to store it in their long-term memories which they can retrieve and use throughout their lives. Making and understanding an electric circuit, for example, should be encoded and stored in their Procedural long-term memories, so as they grow, they would ALWAYS know how electricity might behave, and how its knowledge can be useful when they finally own a house. :)
As teachers, we have to keep things interesting inside the classroom. Think out of the box, even go as far as being or looking silly, just to enhance our students learning experiences.
[3]
ReplyDeleteIn class, I was said to be under the color White. My personality is of a peacemaker and of a neutralizer. One of the assets of being a white is their extreme patience, and their very kind heart. Looking at myself, I think that I am a combination of a White and a Blue sometimes. I am a perfectionist, but I am patient about reaching a certain type of perfection or beauty, I don’t rush it. I think being a White gives me an advantage as a teacher, as I have unparalleled compassion, care and patience for my students, yet, I value integrity, and being a little Blue, gives me a sense of strictness too. :)
[4]
ReplyDeleteThe theories of personality discussed in class were mainly Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual (oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital) and Psychoanalytic Theories (id, ego, and superego). In some degrees, I do agree with these theories of Freud, because with some reflection, I can say that both the psychosexual theory and psychoanalytic theory are logical and evident upon my development as an individual. I can say that I have a very strong Superego, that some might deem me weird and eccentric. I have very vivid dreams as a person; I wake up remembering a lot of them, and all of its details, and I sometimes have what psychologists call “False Wakes”. This being said, sometimes I don’t think of myself as a balanced person, because I think about a lot of things, even thinking itself, and to those close to me, this usually drive them crazy. :) Maybe that’s why I am a White? :)Honestly, I like being weird, As quoted by my favorite children's author, Dr. Seuss, "I like Nonsense, it wakes up the Brain Cells." :)
There is a movie, titled “A Dangerous Method” that best portrayed Freud and Carl Jung’s theories. I would recommend watching that. It is graphic, but the actors portrayed the two theorists exceptionally, especially Keira Knightley’s portrayal of a psychosexually damaged patient.
The Personality theory that I relate to the most however, was not discussed in class. It is Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development. I think this theory explains the most why my personality is the way it is. Proper adaptations and Maladaptations to the stages shaped my personality as I grew up. (Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Ego-identity vs. Role-confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Self-absorption, and Integrity vs. Despair) I hope our professor will be able to discuss this.
(1)
ReplyDeleteMemories are always being created under the time, space and circumstances. It may be short term or long term depending on the impact and intensity of the circumstances. The 3 Phases of Memory are Encoding, Storage and Retrieval.
Encoding –> Storage -> Retrieval - During my childhood years, I was embedded with customs and traditions including different practices under the influence of the culture. Several activities and practices were retained. Various ideas and information can be learned through the help of the senses, obtaining general knowledge, comprehending of things and analyzing problems. For example, learning the proper sounds and symbols of the alphabet, differentiation of colors, counting numbers, identifying shapes and sizes and learning how to communicate verbally and non-verbally. These basic activities are learned consciously and unconsciously and once learned, it will be hard to forget. The knowledge and experiences are stored and included in the memory. Important things are kept and unimportant things are being repressed but it will never fades away just hidden inside the unconscious part. Retrieval of memories can be done through remembering, being expose to situations similar to the previous experiences and by the help of materials such as pictures that will help in recalling the past.
The phases of memory can simply be observed in education. In preparation for the upcoming examination, the students are going to prepare and study well. Information are being encoded through reading and solving problems. Then by means of repetition and practice the information are stored. When the actual day of test comes, all the information is being retrieved to attain a high score.
(2)
ReplyDeleteUnderstanding the phases of memory can help me become an effective teacher by means of the following:
I will continuously acquire new ideas, store and retrieve information to help me learn and apply new things that can benefit the students and the society.
I will treasure the moral values and norms that I have learned in the past, practice and share it with other people.
I will provide considerations to the student. I will give them ample time to study their lessons and prepare their projects and assignments.
2 The three phases of memory are very important to an effective educator or teacher. For me an effective educator or teacher can explain the district's school's and department or grade level's curriculum. He should understands the research process. So that the more they encode in their mind, the more the retrieval they will have. It is important to store these in the memory. Then the professor can teach the students on how to process data in their memory and help them learn.
ReplyDelete3 According to the Human Color Test, my personality is yellow .It says that yellow means fun-loving. I am the person who are passion and never give up in my life . I love to sing ,dance ,travel around the world. I think the word is very beautiful and I can enjoy anything I want to do. For me ,everything is simple .
ReplyDelete4 The theory of personality that best described my own personality is level of three awareness: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. I am the person who aware consciously with my undertaking. Because I found that consciously aware of what I am doing, it will lead to self-acceptance .It make me have more responsibility for my thought and action.
1.) The three phases of memory are the encoding, storage and retrieval. First, encoding is the process of taking information from one’s environment through the senses then organizing and storing this information in the form of internal representations. Information must be correctly received. Second, storage is the ability to hold and effectively store a memory. It is stored according to time, category, function, and many others. It can also be short-term and long-term memory. And lastly, retrieval is the ability to recall the needed memory. The ease and accuracy of retrieval depends upon the effectiveness of the initial encoding.
ReplyDeleteA good example or application of these three phases is when we had an in-house review for boards during April 2012. We need to memorize different laws, Republic Acts, LOIs and etc which are related to nursing. I have a hard time in memorizing numbers so I tried my best to memorize those laws. I and my other friends use mnemonics and different styles in memorizing those laws (Encoding). So before boards, I was able to retain it in my memory. But I know this is only stored in my short-term memory because now, I forgot all those laws (Storage). So while taking so many sample board examinations and on the day of my boards, I was able to remember those laws, RAs, LOIs and etc. I was able to answer questions related to it. But now, when one of my friends asks me about those laws, I cannot answer him because I forgot all those things because it only stored in my short-term memory (Retrieval).
2.) Phases of memory is very important in us, teachers and of course in students. In encoding, we need to teach them the lessons or topics very well using the student’s senses. We should make every lecture or session in the class very memorable in their lives. We need to review them more often with the previous topics because practicing their memory is very helpful. Encoding is vital when it comes to retrieval. We need to help them store these lessons not just in their short-term memory but also in their long-term memory. We need to relate the topics in their interests and in their personal experiences. This can help in the process of storage. It is very easy to store certain topics that are very memorable in the students’ lives. When it comes to the process of retrieval, we need to guide them to remember or recall the lessons, topics or any memory needed in a certain situation. For example, in a recitation, when a student cannot remember the lesson, the teacher may give clues or guide him so that he can remember the lessons.
3.) Based on the activity we had last Saturday, my human color is white which is the peacemaker and the neutral people. I am the kind of a person that when I’m angry or disagreeing with somebody, I just stay quiet and I don’t want any arguments at all. But sometimes, I become color red and blue. There are times that I am bossy, demanding and perfectionist to myself and to other people. I want everything be well-planned or well-organized. But I think most of the time, I am color white. I am patient. I am sometimes a submissive person.
ReplyDelete4.) I think the psychoanalytic and psychosexual Theory best described the development of my personality. In psychosexual theory, I also believe that all of us develop through a series of childhood stages. I know I was able to complete successfully the different stages and wasn’t able to stuck in any stage that wasn’t appropriate with me. In psychoanalytic theory, I agree that inner forces outside of our awareness direct our behavior. The mind is divided into 3 parts which are the conscious, preconscious and unconscious mind. The personality has 3 elements – Id, Ego and Supergo. I think there are times that I am more of an id, ego and supergo. A more of id or superego is not that acceptable. I just balance these 3 elements because all these elements need by the body and at the same time is more acceptable. When it comes to the mind, I use most of the time different defense mechanisms like denial, rationalization, and many more to cope up in any problems, pains, anxiety that I am facing in my life.
1.)
ReplyDeleteMemory is the retention of information over a period of time through storage, encoding, and retrieval. For something to be considered memory, you have to take it in, store it, and then retrieve it for use in the future.
Encoding- The initial stage of memory in which the information is processed for storage. It is a biological event beginning with perception through the senses. The Types of Encoding are:
Acoustic encoding - is the processing and encoding of sound, words and other auditory input for storage and later retrieval.
Visual encoding- is the process of encoding images and visual sensory information. Visual sensory information is temporarily stored within the iconic memory before being encoded into long-term storage.
Tactile encoding- is the encoding of how something feels, normally through the sense of touch. Physiologically, neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex of the brain react to vibrotactile stimuli caused by the feel of an object.
Storage - is the more or less passive process of retaining information in the brain, whether in the sensory memory, the short-term memory or the more permanent long-term memory.
Retrieval- is a process of accessing stored memories.Example when you are taking an exam, you need to be able to retrieve learned information from your memory in order to answer the test questions. Once information has been encoded and stored in memory, it must be retrieved in order to be used. Memory retrieval is important in virtually every aspect of daily life.
(1) Memory refers to the processes that are used to acquire, store, retain, and retrieve information. The three phases of memory are encoding, storage and retrieval. For the first phase which is encoding, this is where information from the outside world is acquired, received or registered to reach an individual’s senses. In encoding phase, the information is processed for storage. Next phase is the storage wherein it entails maintaining information over periods of time. In this second phase, creation of a permanent record of the encoded information occurs in an individual. Under this phase, information can either be stored in the short-term memory or the long-term memory depending on an individual. Lastly, the third phase of memory is retrieval in which recall or recollection of the stored information in response to some cue for use in a process or activity takes place.
ReplyDeleteThese phases are used by everybody in a daily basis. One example applicable to me would be when we were assigned to do a lesson plan. I chose the changes of matter as my topic. From that, I have to reread text books and watch science videos regarding my chosen topic in order to refresh my memory. While constructing my lesson plan, I still can vividly remember the exact words and tone we used in a jingle about the explanation of changes of matter way back in my elementary days. So whenever I have to explain the topic, I always use the definition and examples I know from the jingle.
(2) Understanding the phases of memory is essential to be an effective educator. I remember the saying that you cannot give what you do not have. As a budding educator, we must feed our minds with knowledge, facts, ideas, and such through the use of videos, seminars, and wide array of books related to our field of specialization. In that manner, we would be able to enhance our skills as a teacher and in a way we will be able to share more knowledge and understanding to our future students. Furthermore, understanding these phases will help us to provide more meaningful learning activities to the students. I believe that when a student finds their lesson meaningful and relevant to his or her life, the more he or she becomes interested in learning. With an understanding that an individual is different from the other, we become more considerate to students who are slow learners and we are able to provide them activities that will stimulate and improve their memory skills.
(3) Based on the Human Color Test, I am more of a blue person. The color blue represents loyalty, trust, and faithfulness to people. I am a kind of person who finds it easy to trust a person whom I just recently get acquainted with. I value relationships so much that I would not do something ridiculous that would ruin the bond that we have. Color blue is said to be somewhat perfectionist. I totally agree to this because I am the type of person who scrutinizes and looks so much into the details. Whenever I am tasked to do something, I am very particular on how it is to be done.
ReplyDelete(4) I believe that the theory that best describes the development of my personality is the Psychoanalytic Theory which comprises the id, ego, and superego. The id is considered as the pleasure-seeker portion of our personality. It is crucial because it drives us to get our basic needs satisfied. For instance, during one time I wanted to eat mango so bad then my boyfriend did not bring even one mango for me, it caused me to feel very furious and sad. I told him that I do not want to talk to him unless my need is gratified. The id is said to be inconsiderate of other circumstances that all it cares about is its own satisfaction. Then as we develop, we grow and start to learn new things as we interact with the environment. That is the time when the ego develops. It aims to satisfy the id but considers the situation at hand, thus balancing the id and the superego. The ego separates out from what is real. The ego represents what may be called reason and common sense. To overcome this, the ego employs defense mechanisms. Lastly, when a person begins to learn about moral and ethical rules and restraints imposed by the people around us, the superego develops. It is based on the moral principle as it tells us whether something is right or wrong. This becomes our conscience that criticizes and prohibits our drives, fantasies, feelings, and actions. The super-ego aims for perfection. An example of this would be is when I realized that I was being inconsiderate to my boyfriend for not giving me what I wanted. So for a moment that I was not talking to him, my superego told me that I was not acting properly and it was too childish to throw a fit to my boyfriend. Therefore, it ended up that I apologized for my misbehavior and I employed the defense mechanism of undoing to him by giving him a simple apology note.
Hi Anne Therese, I am so glad to hear from you.
Delete(3) Personality
ReplyDeleteBased on the questions given in the classroom about the human color test, my answers revealed that I am 50% white, 25% blue, 15% red and 10% yellow. Although I belong to the group of peacemaker, I think that “peacemaker” is not the right adjective to describe me being in the white group. I prefer to be called as someone who is in the state of equilibrium. I think that I seek balance and avoid conflict. I consider myself passive and reserve type. I do not immediately act or say something unless it is necessary or I need to elaborate something to clear out the situation or argument. I’m patient, you can test it if you want but sometimes I grow tired of waiting. I’m observant and I assess people and situations. I listen to voices, thoughts and actions of contradicting people and each side of circumstances. I consider the thoughts and emotions of other people. I think, I always think, I think of almost anything that comes in my mind especially when I’m alone and when I’m about to sleep or even after waking up. I like to be with the blue-type personality. I appreciate their ability to relate with others easily. Well, I’m also blue and we’re related or we will be. I’m a bit red depending on the situation. Sometimes, I act just like the attributes of the red-type personality. Yellow? Not that much. I’m not used to party or unnecessary gatherings. I can be happy even when I’m alone. I’d rather read manga, watch anime and play games than to go out and drink or whatever.
(4)
ReplyDeleteThere are various theories of growth and development. Different theories pertain to different aspect of personality development. Here are the lists of theories of growth and development that describes and affects the personality.
Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual (Psychoanalytical) Development Theory
Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Human Development
Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
Lawrence Kohlberg’s Development of Moral Reasoning
Sullivan’s Stages of Healthy Interpersonal Development
Rev. John H. Westerhoff’s Stages of Christian Faith Development
James W. Fowler’s Stages of Faith Development
Robert James Havighurst’s Six Major Stages of Human Life
Among the theories that have been discussed in the class, Freud’s theory is so far the best. Although Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual (Psychoanalytical) Development Theory is controversial because it focuses on the sexual aspects it has lots of impact in analyzing the different human personality and behavior. There are tasks that need to be accomplished in order to attain mastery and maturity in each stage. Failure to fulfill the needs may result to fixation and negative impacts in the future stages. On the other hand, over satisfaction and providing more than the usual needs may also affect the personality. Freud’s theory can be observed anywhere and is almost applicable to anyone regardless of the race and culture.
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ReplyDeleteMemory is the retention of information over a period of time through storage, encoding, and retrieval. For something to be considered memory, you have to take it in, store it, and then retrieve it for use in the future. Memory is a very complex things and it can let you down sometime especially when our trying to remember something, especially during an important test in your life. Also memory can also cause some confusion, especially when two people experience different events.
The initial stage of memory is known as encoding, in which the information is processed for storage. When I am listening to music, or watching television I am encoding information into memory. Some data gets into memory practically effortlessly, while other requires some extensive time to get in there. Next is, thinking process realize that there is more to memory than just deep processing. Speaking of seeing things clearly, imagery is a very important aspect of memory. To make memories extremely powerful it is important to use mental imagery. An example of using mental imagery is remembering where you placed your remote control once you finished watching television last night. Last is, short term memory is information that is usually contained in storage for 30 seconds, or less there are some other strategies used to keep it in storage longer. Some ways that you can improve short term memory is by chunking and reversal. We all probably have experienced with rehearsal which is the repetition of something, usually a number. If we have to remember a telephone number then an easy way to do this is to keep repeating the number.
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Understanding these phases of memory will help me lot in teaching and being an educator, in a way that I will remember the things I have learned and the thing I have taught to my students. Another is I tend to remember the faces of my students and understand each of their needs and characters. When we get to the deepest understanding of these phases, we make associations with things which mean that we are more likely to remember it in the future.
ReplyDelete3. As discussed in class, I’m more of a YELLOW person, since I am a happy go lucky person. I know to my self ever since I was a kid, I love fun, I love laughing. The nice thing about being a yellow person, is that no pressure, no stress, I am an optimist. But there are also disadvantages like late projects or assignments, but still we do it, it’s just not in time,,, I tried to balance things nowadays, being punctual and being a happy go lucky person…
4. A lot were disucussed in the classroom, but among these theories of personalities—I see myself under Psychoanalytic Theory which are the id, ego, and superego(Sigmund Freud
A part -- a very important part -- of the organism is the nervous system, which has as one of its characteristics a sensitivity to the organism's needs. At birth, that nervous system is little more than that of any other animal, an "it" or id. The nervous system, as id, translates the organism's needs into motivational forces called, in German, Triebe, which has been translated as instincts or drives. Freud also called them wishes. This translation from need to wish is called the primary process. Luckily for the organism, there is that small portion of the mind we discussed before, the conscious, that is hooked up to the world through the senses. Around this little bit of consciousness, during the first year of a child's life, some of the "it" becomes "I," some of the id becomes ego. The ego relates the organism to reality by means of its consciousness, and it searches for objects to satisfy the wishes that id creates to represent the organisms needs. This problem-solving activity is called the secondary process. However, as the ego struggles to keep the id (and, ultimately, the organism) happy, it meets with obstacles in the world. It occasionally meets with objects that actually assist it in attaining its goals. And it keeps a record of these obstacles and aides. In particular, it keeps track of the rewards and punishments meted out by two of the most influential objects in the world of the child -- mom and dad. This record of things to avoid and strategies to take becomes the superego. It is not completed until about seven years of age. In some people, it never is completed. An example is that I tend to be irritated easily when I wake up at the wrong side of the bed, I tend to feel so down when I don’t get what I want. Pride is part of my life which I try hard to get rid of it...
1. Memory is the retention of information over a period of time through encoding, storage and retrieval. For something to be considered memory, you have to take it in, store it and then retrieve it for use in the future.
ReplyDeleteEncoding: It is the process of translating information into neural codes that will be retained in memory. Encoding: Once we come in contact with information to be remembered our brains develop a “code,” which becomes a record of the experience. Our memory can be affected at this stage if the information is not coded in a way that makes it easy to recall when needed. For example, we may recognize someone in the office where we work, but outside of that environment we may have difficulty in recognizing him or her. This is because the face was coded in association with work and outside of that coding strategy the memory is not recognizable. We lose the context of the memory that is guided by our semantic memory system. Example : during class discussion and the teacher tackles about a certain subject matter, the process of recording it in our neurons is encoding.
Storage :It is the process of retaining neural coded information over time. The encoded information is then stored in the brain. In computers the information is stored on a disk or hard drive which is very similar to the way the brain work. Storage: This is the ability to hold and effectively store a memory. Rehearsal is one of the most important factors involved in retaining the information that we’ve been exposed to. Problems in this stage of memory often occur due to a lack of rehearsal. Example of this is when we memorize a pick-up lines. As we store the pick up line in our memory, they are retained there and ready for use as soon as we need them.
Retrieval: It is the process of recovering information from memory storage. Retrieval requires searching and locating the appropriate information and bringing it out of storage, into conscious awareness where it can be used. Retrieval: This refers to the ability to recall the memory needed. Once the information is successfully stored, it must be retrievable in order to be useful. For information to be retrieved, it first must be stored effectively. Once effectively stored, cues and reminders can help us then retrieve the information. Remembering that you need to pick up milk before coming home can easily be forgotten as you go through your daily routine. As you drive home and see a convenience store your memory is jogged and you remember the errand. Often it seems as if we have forgotten something even though it was successfully stored. We simply need help in retrieving the memory; we have to remember to recall. Example :During the examination ,We always storage major information and which information we understand in our brains. Another is when in an impromptu situation, we are asked to recite a poem or sing a childhood nursery rhyme, this then is the process in which we employ retrieval.
2. My understanding of the phases of memory will help me become an effective teacher, since through this, I have learned that to be able to stimulate maximum encoding of knowledge or ideas, the stimulation of different senses should be involved. There is greater percentage or knowledge encoding when all the senses are utilized. Furthermore, to be able to store knowledge in the long term memory, repetition is important. Therefore, whenever you find your whole class having difficulty receiving the subject matter you are teaching, you have to consider employing remedial class or repeating the discussion if necessary. And retrieval which is employed for example during exam can be maximized by formulating a well-constructed test items in such a way that the different mental processes from recall to evaluation should be tested.
3. Based on the Human Color Test, I am dominantly blue. Using this test, my personality is described as detail conscious, unforgiving (a bit before but I guess not now anymore that I have known Christ), idealistic, moody, respectful, deliberate, thoughtful, accurate and reliable.
ReplyDelete4. The theory that was discussed in the class that best described the development of my personality is Erikson's theory which describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan. One of the main elements of Erikson's psychosocial stage theory is the development of ego identity. Ego identity is the conscious sense of self that we develop through social interaction. According to Erikson, our ego identity is constantly changing due to new experiences and information we acquire in our daily interactions with others. In addition to ego identity, Erikson also believed that a sense of competence motivates behaviors and actions. Each stage in Erikson's theory is concerned with becoming competent in an area of life. If the stage is handled well, the person will feel a sense of mastery, which is sometimes referred to as ego strength or ego quality. If the stage is managed poorly, the person will emerge with a sense of inadequacy. In each stage, Erikson believed people experience a conflict that serves as a turning point in development. In Erikson's view, these conflicts are centered on either developing a psychological quality or failing to develop that quality. During these times, the potential for personal growth is high, but so is the potential for failure. As for me, I think, aside from genetic factors, ,my family, the school I attended, my social influencers such as friends, orgmates and church had great influence on the person I have become now. And the ‘conflicts’ that I have won as in accordance to Erikson’s theory had made me a better one and those wherein I was not able to managed well, somehow created in me a sense of inadequacy.
1. The three phases of memory are encoding, storage and retrieval. In encoding phase, it is where the information is received, registered and processed for storage. In this stage, we often encode information practically easily or without putting much effort and there are also instances where encoding requires much time and effort to get in there. When we encode, we use selective attention by focusing on a specific situation while ignoring everything else. It is like for us to be able to encode information, we have to pay attention to it and after it enters the brain, it has to be stored or maintained, thus, the information are in our brain but is not actively manipulated. It is stored in 3 memory system: sensory memory which stores information but only for instant; short term memory which holds information for 20-30 seconds approximately but it can keep information stay longer through rehearsing; and lastly, long term memory wherein the information stay there for the entire life of an individual. In retrieval stage, it is where you bring a memory out of sensory, short term and long term memory into your awareness. Retrieval cues help stimulate the process of retrieving the information. These phases can be applied in our everyday lives. When we eat at a restaurant, we tend to remember its name without putting much effort. Of course, when we study, we store a lot of information and even if it takes some time or years, we take out this information when we apply what we have learned. An example of this is when we study how to cook, af first, we encode information about cooking, then followed by storing it in our memory then upon retrieval, we take out those information we studied or learned by putting it into action. Even if years passed, we still know how to cook because it is something embedded in our memory.
ReplyDelete2. Understanding the phase of memory helps us to know how our students learn in the sense that we know how an information if being encoded in the brain, how it is stored and how it can retrieved or applied, as a teacher, we have to provide our students retrieval clues in order for them to take out what they have learned. Teaching the students also means we are inputting information that can be stored in their long term memory and something that they can use in the long run. Acquiring new information by studying and through experience help us to become a better teacher wherein new information are being stored and retrieved in our memory.
3. When I took the personality test, there are two colors that signified my personality, these are white and blue. I chose the white color since there should be only one color. People who chose color white are said to be peace maker, indecisive, neutralizer, and patient. I agree that there are instances where I am indecisive like deciding where to eat, what to wear, where to go, what to choose/buy, what to do and others. When buying, it takes me a lot of time to choose and I have to go around the whole mall first before buying. People who are ‘white’ tend to conform to such things like when being asked where to eat, and honestly, I am not a picky eater so it’s okay for me anywhere to eat and I also consider the preference of the person I am with so it’s okay for me where that person wants to eat. White people are said to be patient, I agree with it since being a sped teacher, you need to have lots of patient for you to be able to handle behaviors that a child can elicit during class. My other color, which is blue, are said to be an outgoing person and someone who preserves relationship with other people. Establishing good relationship with other people is important because it helps in the development of our personality. Little of me are colors yellow and red. I’m an outgoing person but not to the extent that I’ll party and do nothing nor always studying or working and not spending leisure time for myself.
ReplyDelete4. Among the theories of personality discussed in class, Freud’s structural model of id, ego and superego and defense mechanisms best describe the development of my personality. Id, which acts according to pleasure principle, is something that we want to have or achieve because it gives us pleasure and leisure. An example of this is when I want to buy something unique, I’ll buy it no matter how cheap or expensive it is as long as I find it unique and useful for myself. Honestly, I am an individual who attends to my Id or pleasure but of course I think of my ego as well. Even if I attend to my pleasure, I also make sure that I balance between my pleasure and conscience because if not, my personality would get worse. When I’m in a situation, I don’t act aggressively but rather I think of what action or manner should I do or show. I take note of the consequences it can bring before putting it into action. Also, it is normal for me and others as well, to use defense mechanisms in order to protect our ego/pride. I use them especially when my ego is being hurt; it is my way of coping up to certain situations.
1. The three phases of memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding happens when we come in contact with information. Just like a computer that uses binary codes to take or record information, our brains also use codes to represent information. Storage is the ability of a person to effectively hold information. Lastly, retrieval is the ability to recall information.
ReplyDeleteAll these three phases of memory are experienced by people everyday. The faces of our new officemates are encoded to our brains. If we see them repetitively, their faces will be stored to our brains. Lastly, we could use retrieval to recall something funny from the past that we could share to these officemates.
2. As educators, we should know and understand how the phases of memory work for our students. Knowing that information is not easily encoded and stored by students, teachers should create different activities that would help the learners encode and store the new information given to them. Thus, they would be able to retrieve the information or concept and apply it in their lives.
3. My dominant human color is white. I am peace-loving, indecisive, slow to react, and persevering. However I also have a big percent of yellow and blue.
4. In my opinion, it is Erickson’s stages of psychosocial development that best describes the development of my personality. Erickson believed that humans advance through the eight stages of life negotiating his biological and sociocultural forces. Each stage has a challenge and is characterized by different psychosocial crises. These stages are:
1 Hopes: Trust vs. Mistrust (Oral-sensory, Birth-2 years)
2 Will: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (Muscular-Anal, 2-4 years)
3 Purpose: Initiative vs. Guilt (Locomotor-Genital, Preschool, 4-5 years)
4 Competence: Industry vs. Inferiority (Latency, 5-12 years)
5 Fidelity: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence, 13-19 years)
6 Love: Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young adulthood, 20-24, or 20-40 years)
7 Care: Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle adulthood, 25-64, or 40-64 years)
8 Wisdom: Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Late adulthood, 65-death)
I believe that these are the stages that I went through and the stages I am going through. Erickson’s theory is the most detailed and most logical for me. I believe in what Erickson said, “...What the child acquires at a given stage is a certain ratio between the positive and negative, which if the balance is toward the positive, will help him to meet later crises with a better chance for unimpaired total development..” I believe that whatever happened to me in the earlier stages will help me in handling any challenge in the future.
1. Encoding, storage and retrieval are the three stages of the human memory.
ReplyDeletea. Encoding is the stage where our brain processes an event or action in order for our brain to store it in our memory. An event or action is/are stored in our brain thru the use of our senses.
b. Storage - This refers to the retention or safekeeping of the memory that is stored in our brain. This process is like storing the our memory folder in the storage cabinet for safekeeping.
c. Retrieval - This is now the process of withdrawing our memory folder in the storage cabinet when need arises.
2. Our students have different kinds of memory. Some have retentive memory and some can easy to forget. The ones that do have retentive memory are those who are fast learners. A lesson or topic can be easily stored in their memory even if they just saw or read the topic ones. Mean while the slow learners are those who have memory that can easily forget a certain topic.
As educators we need to understand the needs of our students, we must consider each and every one of them. We must consider their retention to certain things. And because of this we must develop different kinds of activities that will enable them to learn better.
3. My personality color showed yellow. Meaning I have a light perception in life and can see happy or light side of life.
4. Based on my personality, I can say that Psychosexual development suits my personality. Being a happy person I observed that I don't complicate my life. I do things that will give my body relieve or relaxation. For example, when I am hungry I eat, when I am sleepy I sleep.
Hi class, it seems that all of you enjoyed answering this blog. It's good to know your self better and your classmates as well. Thanks for taking time to answer this blog. I enjoy reading this the most. God bless.
ReplyDeleteBy the way, Adel, I did not read your answer on this blog, hence, you have no grade for this.
ReplyDelete